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<title>龙人pcb设计pcb抄板服务</title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/blog.asp?name=liuminpcb</link>
<description>liuminpcb的博客</description>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[揭秘FPGA系列单片机结构原理特征]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=47373</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2009/10/29 12:00:45</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[FPGA是一类高集成度的可编程逻辑器件，起源于美国的Xillnx公司，该公司于1985年推出了世界上第一块FPGA<A href="http://www.icdec.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: #00ccff">芯片</SPAN></A>。在这二十年的发展过程中，FPGA的硬件体系结构和软件开发工具都在不断的完善，日趋成熟。从最初的1200个可用门，90年代时几十万个可用门，发展到目前数百万门至上千万门的单片FPGA芯片，Xilinx、Altera等世界顶级厂商已经将FPGA器件的集成度提高到一个新的水平。FPGA结合了微电子技术、电路技术、EDA技术，使设计者可以集中精力进行所需逻辑功能的设计，缩短设计周期，提高设计质量。<BR>　　FPGA结构原理与特点<BR>　　FPGA基本结构<BR>　　目前生产FPGA的公司主要有Xilinx、Altera、Actel、Lattice、QuickLogic等，生产的FPGA品种和型号繁多。尽管这些FPGA的具体结构和性能指标各有特色，但它们都有一个共同之处，即由逻辑功能块排成阵列，并由可编程的互连资源连接这些逻辑功能块，从而实现不同的设计。<BR>　　典型的FPGA通常包含三类基本资源：可编程逻辑功能块、可编程输入/输出块和可编程互连资源，基本结构如图1所示。可编程逻辑功能块是实现用户功能的基本单元，多个逻辑功能块通常规则地排成一个阵列结构，分布于整个芯片；可编程输入/输出块完成芯片内部逻辑与外部管脚之间的接口，围绕在逻辑单元阵列四周；可编程内部互连资源包括各种长度的连线线段和一些可编程连接开关，它们将各个可编程逻辑块或输入/输出块连接起来，构成特定功能的电路。用户可以通过编程决定每个单元的功能以及它们的互连关系，从而实现所需的逻辑功能。不同厂家或不同型号的FPGA，在可编程逻辑块的内部结构、规模、内部互连的结构等方面经常存在较大的差异。<BR>　　除了上述构成FPGA基本结构的三种资源以外，随着工艺的进步和应用系统需求的发展，一般在FPGA中还可能包含以下可选资源：<BR>　　存储器资源（块RAM、分布式RAM）；<BR>　　数字时钟管理单元（分频/倍频、数字延迟、时钟锁定）；<BR>　　算数运算单元（高速硬件乘法器、乘加器）；<BR>　　多电平标准兼容的I/O接口；<BR>　　高速串行I/O接口；<BR>　　特殊功能模块（以太网MAC等硬IP核）；<BR>　　微处理器（PowerPC405等硬处理器IP核）。<BR>　　下面以Xilinx公司的Spartan-II系列以及Altera公司的Cyclone-II系列FPGA为例，介绍FPGA的一般结构。Xilinx公司的Spartan-II系列FPGA器件的基本结构如图2所示。主要包括5个可配置部分：（1）可配置逻辑块（Configurable Logic Blocks，CLBs），用于实现大部分逻辑功能；（2）在CLBs的四周分布着可编程的输入输出块（Input/Output Blocks，IOBs），提供封装引脚与内部逻辑之间的连接接口；（3）丰富的多层互连结构的可编程连线（未画出）；（4）片上的随机存取块状RAM（BLOCK RAM）；（5）全数字式延迟锁相环（DLL）时钟控制块，与每个全局时钟输入缓冲器相连，该闭环系统确保时钟边沿到达内部触发器与其到达输入引脚同步，有效地消除时钟分配的延迟。<BR>　　Altera公司FPGA器件Cyclone-II系列的基本结构如图3所示。主要包括：（1）逻辑阵列，由多个逻辑阵列块（Logic Array Blocks，LABs）排列而成，用于实现大部分逻辑功能；（2）在芯片四周分布着可编程的输入输出单元（Input/Output Elements，IOEs），提供封装引脚与内部逻辑之间的连接接口；（3）丰富的多层互连结构的可编程连线（未画出）；（4）片上的随机存取块状RAM；（5）锁相环（PLL），用于时钟的锁定与同步、能够实现时钟的倍频和分频；（6）高速的硬件乘法器，有助于实现高性能的DSP功能。<BR>　　查找表LUT<BR>　　目前绝大部分FPGA都采用查找表（Look Up Table，LUT）技术，如Altera的ACEX、APEX、Cyclone、Stratix系列，Xilinx的Spartan、Virtex系列等。这些FPGA中的最基本逻辑单元都是由LUT和触发器组成的。<BR>　　查找表简称为LUT，本质上就是一个RAM。目前FPGA中多使用4输入的LUT，所以每一个LUT可以看成一个有4位地址线的16x1的RAM。当用户通过原理图或HDL语言描述了一个逻辑电路以后，FPGA开发软件会自动计算逻辑电路的所有可能的结果，并把结果事先写入RAM。这样，每输入一个信号进行逻辑运算就等于输入一个地址进行查表，找出该地址对应的内容，然后输出即可。<BR>　　由于LUT主要适合SRAM工艺生产，所以目前大部分FPGA都是基于SRAM工艺的。而SRAM工艺的芯片在掉电后信息就会丢失，因此需要外加一片专用的配置芯片。在上电的时候，由这个专用配置芯片把数据加载到FPGA中，FPGA就可以正常工作。少数FPGA产品采用反熔丝或Flash工艺，掉电后配置信息不会丢失，因此这种FPGA芯片不需要外加的专用配置芯片。<BR>　　FPGA的编程技术<BR>　　目前，市场上有三种基本的FPGA编程技术：SRAM、反熔丝、Flash。其中，SRAM是迄今为止应用范围最广的架构，主要因为它速度快且具有可重编程能力，而反熔丝FPGA只具有一次可编程（One Time Programmable，OTP）能力。基于Flash的FPGA是FPGA领域比较新的技术，也能提供可重编程功能。基于SRAM的FPGA器件经常带来一些其他的成本，包括：启动PROMS支持安全和保密应用的备用电池等等。基于Flash和反熔丝的FPGA没有这些隐含成本，因此可保证较低的总系统成本。<BR>　　基于SRAM的FPGA器件<BR>　　这类产品是基于SRAM结构的可再配置型器件，上电时要将配置数据读入片内SRAM中，配置完成就可进入工作状态。掉电后SRAM中的配置数据丢失，FPGA内部逻辑关系随之消失。这种基于SRAM的FPGA可以反复使用。<BR>　　反熔丝FPGA<BR>　　采用反熔丝编程技术的FPGA内部具有反熔丝阵列开关结构，其逻辑功能的定义由专用编程器根据设计实现所给出的数据文件，对其内部的反熔丝阵列进行烧录，从而使器件实现相应的逻辑功能。这种器件的缺点是只能一次性编程；优点是具有高抗干扰性和低功耗，适合于要求高可靠性、高保密性的定型产品。<BR>　　基于Flash的FPGA<BR>　　在这类FPGA器件中集成了SRAM和非易失性EEPROM两类存储结构。其中SRAM用于在器件正常工作时对系统进行控制，而EEPROM则用来装载SRAM。由于这类FPGA将EEPROM集成在基于SRAM工艺的现场可编程器件中, 因而可以充分发挥EEPROM的非易失特性和SRAM的重配置性。掉电后，配置信息保存在片内的EEPROM中，因此不需要片外的配置芯片，有助于降低系统成本、提高设计的安全性。<BR>　　FPGA器件性能参数和指标<BR>　　如前所述，目前市场上FPGA的品种和型号相当多，它们的具体结构、可用资源以及性能都各具特色。为了在系统设计中选择合适的FPGA器件，充分发挥器件的能力，设计者必须了解FPGA的各项参数和性能指标。表1列出了与器件选型和实际应用密切相关的参数和指标。<BR>　　FPGA器件选型原则<BR>　　数字系统逻辑功能设计之前的一个重要问题就是FPGA器件的选型，包括厂商的选择以及器件系列和型号的选择。下面介绍FPGA选型的一些原则和建议。<BR>　　FPGA厂商的选择<BR>　　每个FPGA厂商都有自己特有的核心技术和相应的产品。对于继承性产品的开发，尽量使用熟悉并一直使用的FPGA厂商的产品；对于新产品的开发，则可以根据待设计系统的特点和要求，以及各种FPGA器件的特性来初步选择FPGA厂商和产品系列。如表2所示。<BR>　　另外，还可以根据FPGA芯片成本来选择FPGA器件厂商和产品系列。比如Xilinx的Virtex系列和Altera的Stratix系列FPGA属于高性能产品；而Xilinx的Spartan系列和Altera的Cyclone则系列属于低成本FPGA器件。<BR>　　FPGA型号的选择<BR>　　选择具体型号的FPGA时，需要考虑的因素较多，包括管脚数量、逻辑资源、片内存储器、功耗、封装形式等等。各种FPGA器件的参数如表3所示。另外，为了保证系统具有较好的可扩展性和可升级性，一般应留出一定的资源余量。根据系统需求估计，使用表3列出的数据即可大致选出可能的FPGA器件。<BR>　　FPGA外围器件的选择<BR>　　FPGA选定之后，还有根据FPGA的特性，为其选择合适的电源芯片、片外存储器芯片、配置信息存储器等多种器件。在系统设计和开发阶段，应该尽量选择升级空间大、管脚兼容的器件。在产品开发后期再考虑将这些外围器件替换为其他的兼容器件以降低成本。<BR>　　FPGA技术的发展趋势<BR>　　随着微电子技术、EDA技术、以及应用系统需求的发展，FPGA正在逐渐成为数字系统开发的平台，并将在以下方面继续完善和提高：<BR>　　（1） 高集成度、大容量、低成本、低电压、低功耗；<BR>　　（2） 资源多样化；<BR>　　（3） 适用于片上系统：处理器、高速串行I/O、DSP等等；<BR>　　（4） 深亚微米工艺的使用。目前基于90nm工艺的FPGA已经商用，正在向65nm挺进；<BR>　　（5） 各种软硬IP库的发展和完善；<BR>　　（6） 动态可重构技术实用化]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[高速精准PCB抄板的高招]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=41353</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/11/25 17:55:41</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高速精准</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板的高招</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本文出自：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://www.pcbon.net/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://www.pcbon.net</FONT></A><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电子产品的轻薄小巧化发展，致使电路板的布局也越趋紧凑，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的线宽与线距及高频板应用已非常普遍。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">面对日益精密的电路板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，传统的菲林尺等抄板手段已不能保证其精度与效率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下面为大家介绍一种最方便最高效精准的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://pcbchaoban.cn.npicp.com/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">方法，只需要你稍有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PROTEL</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电路基础就能轻易掌握。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">要准备什么？呵呵，一台普通扫描仪，你的电脑，安装一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Quickpcb2005</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">程序，够了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">先简单介绍下流程：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">扫描电路板图片</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">运行</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Quickpcb2005</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">程序</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在文件菜单中调入扫描的电路板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图片</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个软件提供了测量工具和计算器，直接在扫描后有彩色图片上放置任意元素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">5.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄完顶层，打开层设置菜单，关闭顶层，在文件菜单中调入底层图片</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">依次抄出其它内层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">7.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">存出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件，完成抄板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以一块双面板为例来说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们先扫描线路板的上下表层，存出两张</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">BMP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图片。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">打开</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Quickpcb2005</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">打开底图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，打开一张扫描图片。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Quickpcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">里的图标和快捷键与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PROTEL</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">非常相似。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">比如我们用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PAGEUP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">放大屏幕，看到焊盘，按</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">放置一个焊盘，看到线按</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">走线</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">……</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">就象小孩描图一样，在这个软件里描画一遍，点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保存</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生成一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B2P</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的文件。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">然后我们再点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">打开底图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，打开另一层的扫描彩图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">再点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">打开</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，打开前面保存的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B2P</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件，我们看到刚抄好的板，叠在这张图片之上</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">——</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">同一张</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板，孔在同一位置，只是线路连接不同。所以我们按</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">选项</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”——“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层设置</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，在这里关闭显示顶层的线路和丝印，只留下多层的过孔。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">顶层的过孔与底层图片上的过孔在同一位置，现在我们再象童年时描图一样，描出底层的线路就可以了。再点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保存</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”——</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这时的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B2P</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件就有了顶层和底层两层的资料了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这时我们点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">导出为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板文件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，就可以得到一个有两层资料的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件，我们可以再改板或再出原理图或直接生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">^-^<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果是四层、六层、八层，又要如何处理呢？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其实四层就是重复抄两个双面，六层就是重复抄三个双面</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">……</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，多层之所以让人望而生畏，是因为我们无法看到其内部的走线。一块精密的多层，我们怎样看到其内层乾坤呢？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">——</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分层。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现在分层的办法有很多，有药水腐蚀、刀具剥离等，但很容易把层分过头，丢失资料。经验告诉我们，砂纸打磨是最准确的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当我们抄完</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的顶底层后，一般都是用砂纸打磨的办法，磨掉表层显示内层；砂纸就是五金店出售的普通砂纸，一般平铺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，然后按住砂纸，在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://www.pcbon.net/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上均匀磨擦（如果板子很小，也可以平铺砂纸，用一根手指按住</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在砂纸上磨擦）。要点是要铺平，这样才能磨得均匀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">丝印与绿油一般一擦就掉，铜线与铜皮就要好好擦几下。一般来说，蓝牙板几分钟就能擦好，内存条大概要十几分钟；当然力气大，花的时间会少一点；力气小花的时间就会多一点。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">磨板是目前分层用得最普遍的方案，也是最经济的了。咱们可以找块废弃的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">试一下，其实磨板没什么技术难度，只是有点枯燥，要花点力气，完全不用担心会把板子磨穿磨到手指头哦。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">更多</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板资料：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://liuminpcb.sogua.com/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://liuminpcb.sogua.com/</FONT></A><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[PCB电镀方面常用数据]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=41073</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/11/10 11:04:43</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电镀方面常用数据</SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一．</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一些元素的电化当量</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元素名称</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">原子量</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">化学当量</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">价数</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电化当量（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">g/AH</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">银</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Ag 107</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">868 107.868 1 4.0247<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Au 196</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">9665 196</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">9665 1 7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">357<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">铜</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Cu 63.546 31.773 2 1.185<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">镍</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Ni 58.70 29.35 2 3.8654<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">锡</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Sn 118</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">69 59</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">345 2 2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1422<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二．</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">水溶液中一些金属对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SHE</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的标准电位</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ag/ Ag 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">799<BR>Cu/ Cu2 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">345<BR>Ni /Ni2 -0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">250<BR>Sn/ Sn2 -0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">140<BR>Au/ Au 1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">70<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三．某些电镀液的电流效率：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">镀镍</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 95?98%<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">硫酸盐镀铜</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 95?100%<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">镀锡铅合金</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 100%<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">镀钯</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 90?95%<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氰化物镀金</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 60?80%<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">四．金属氢氧化物沉淀的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PH</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">值</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氢氧化物</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">开始沉淀</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">沉淀完全</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">沉淀开始溶解</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">沉淀完全溶解</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">离子开始浓度</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">残留离子浓度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&lt;10-5mol/L<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氢氧化锡</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 0 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5mol/L 1 13 15<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氢氧化亚锡</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">9 2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1 4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7 10 13</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氢氧化铁</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5 2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3 4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1 14 -------<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氧化银</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2 8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2 11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2 12</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7 -----<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氢氧化亚铁</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5 7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5 9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7 13</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5 -----<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氢氧化钴</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6 7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6 9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2 14</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1 -------<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">氢氧化镍</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7 7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7 10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4 ------ ----------<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">五．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1um</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">镀层的质量</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">铜</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="g" SourceValue="89" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">089g</FONT></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/dm2<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="g" SourceValue="194" HasSpace="True" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">194 g</FONT></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/dm2<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">银</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="g" SourceValue="105" HasSpace="True" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">105 g</FONT></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/dm2<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">锡</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="g" SourceValue="73" HasSpace="True" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">073 g</FONT></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/dm2<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">镍</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="g" SourceValue="89" HasSpace="True" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US>089 g</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US>/dm2</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">更多</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">知识：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://www.pcblab.net</FONT></A><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[PCB被动组件的隐藏行为和特性]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=40557</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/10/10 11:38:55</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<A>　<SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　传统上，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一直被视为「黑色魔术（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">black magic</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）」。其实，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是可以藉由数学公式来理解的。本文藉由简单的数学公式和电磁理论，来说明在印刷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）上被动组件（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">passive component</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）的隐藏行为和特性，这些都是工程师想让所设计的电子产品通过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">标准时，事先所必须具备的基本知识。</SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　不过，纵使有数学分析方法可以利用，但那些数学方程式对实际的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电路设计而言，仍然太过复杂了。幸运的是，在大多数的实务工作中，工程师并不需要完全理解那些复杂的数学公式和存在于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">规范中的学理依据，只要藉由简单的数学模型，就能够明白要如何达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的要求。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　导线和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://blog.qingyun.com/liuminpcb"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></A><A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">走线</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　导线（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">wire</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、走线（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">trace</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、固定架……等看似不起眼的组件，却经常成为射频能量的最佳发射器（亦即，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的来源）。每一种组件都具有电感，这包含硅芯片的焊线（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">bond wire</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、以及电阻、电容、电感的接脚。每根导线或走线都包含有隐藏的寄生电容和电感。这些寄生性组件会影响导线的阻抗大小，而且对频率很敏感。依据</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">LC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的值（决定自共振频率）和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">走线的长度，在某组件和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">走线之间，可以产生自共振（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">self-resonance</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），因此，形成一根有效率的辐射天线。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　电阻</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　电阻是在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上最常见到的组件。电阻的材质（碳合成、碳膜、云母、绕线型…等）限制了频率响应的作用和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的效果。绕线型电阻并不适合于高频应用，因为在导线内存在着过多的电感。碳膜电阻虽然包含有电感，但有时适合于高频应用，因为它的接脚之电感值并不大。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　一般人常忽略的是，电阻的封装大小和寄生电容。寄生电容存在于电阻的两个终端之间，它们在极高频时，会对正常的电路特性造成破坏，尤其是频率达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">GHz</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时。不过，对大多数的应用电路而言，在电阻接脚之间的寄生电容不会比接脚电感来得重要。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　电容</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　电容的使用也和接脚电感与体积结构有关，这些因素决定了寄生电感的数目和大小。寄生电感存在于电容的焊线之间，它们使电容在超过自共振频率以上时，产生和电感一样的行为，电容因此失去了原先设定的功能。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　电感</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　电感是用来控制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">内的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。对电感而言，它的感抗是和频率成正比的。这可以由公式：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">XL = 2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">π</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">fL</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来说明，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">XL</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是感抗（单位是Ω）。例如：一个理想的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10 mH</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电感，在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10 kHz</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，感抗是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">628</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ω；在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">100 MHz</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，增加到</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="True" SourceValue="6.2" UnitName="m"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.2 M</FONT></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ω。因此在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">100 MHz</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，此电感可以视为开路（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">open circuit</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）。在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">100 MHz</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，若让一个讯号通过此电感，将会造成此讯号质量的下降（这是从时域来观察）。和电容一样，此电感的电气参数（线圈之间的寄生电容）限制了此电感只能在频率</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1 MHz</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以下工作。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　变压器</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　变压器通常存在于电源供应器中，此外，它可以用来对数据讯号、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">I/O</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">连结、供电接口做绝缘。根据变压器种类和应用的不同，在一次侧（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">primary</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）和二次侧（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">secondary</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）线圈之间，可能有屏蔽物（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">shield</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）存在。此屏蔽物连接到一个接地的参考源，是用来防止此两组线圈之间的电容耦合。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　和大多数的电子工程设计一样，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计是需要细心的思虑的。阅读本文时，读者应该同时参照平时所执行的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">实务工作，如此就可能会发现许多过去未曾注意到的地方，而这些地方往往就是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最容易发生的。</SPAN></P></A>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[PCB文件的效果图揭秘]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=39673</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/9/6 15:42:16</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，或者说抄板克隆，是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">反向技术研究中的一个重要概念。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板就是对一块从机器上拆下的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板进行拆分，把拆下的元器件制作成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BOM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">清单，剩下的空板则经计算机扫描和抄板软件处理还原成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电子版图及</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">原理图的过程。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在这一抄板过程中，每一个环节都至关重要，每一个步骤都将影响到最后的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电子版图及原理图的效果。在长期的实践中，我们发现，在多层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板以及含有激光孔、盲孔、埋孔的高端</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板中，扫描工艺与软件技术是两个影响最后效果的重要因素。实践证明，先进扫描工艺与领先软件技术的完美结合，能够保证</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件图、原理图与原板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件的绝对一致。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一、扫描工艺</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板流程中，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">扫描无疑是所有工序的第一个步骤。拿到一块完好的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板，首先就必须经计算机扫描，备份相关的参数及原始的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">版图。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">拆板之后，拿到拆分的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">光板，正式进入</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/PCB/ChaoBan/index.html"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">阶段，最先要做的也是扫描，以存储和记录</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图像。这里要提到一点的是，为保证扫描后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板上相关参数的清晰可见，在扫描之前，应该先将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板表面的污渍和残余锡清除。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板涉及到一个抄板精度的问题，对于手机板等精度要求较高的</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.designnews.com.cn/blog/liuminpcb"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，要抄出高精度的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">版图，在扫描工艺中，就需要对扫描仪进行准确的数值选择和设定，首先确保原始扫描图像的精度。可以说，抄板的精度主要取决于原始的扫描精度。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在这里，有必要引入一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DPI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的概念，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DPI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的意义是每英寸多少个点。也就是说扫描出来的图象上每两个点之间的距离就是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000/DPI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，单位</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。那么，在手机板抄板中，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">扫描时将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DPI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设定为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，图象上两点之间的距离是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000/1000=1mil,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">也就是说这时的精度是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">需要注意一点的是，扫描图片精度越高，图片就太大，对硬件要求也就越高，所以在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DPI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设置上，需要根据原板的具体情况来设定，确保抄板流程接下来的步骤能够发挥最佳的效果。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二、软件技术</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">原板经扫描后，根据原始图像，就需要借助</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板软件来完成文件图。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在软件类型上，我们拥有功能完善的抄板软件，这很重要，因为软件的选择能够反映在最后导出的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电子版图和由此推出的原理图上。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">选择好功能完善的软件之后，为保证效果的完美，对于双层板和多层板的抄板，技术上也应该具备丰富的经验和熟练的技巧。由于同一张双层或者多层的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板，孔在同一个位置，只是线路连接不同，那么，在抄板软件中描绘原板的布线规则时，把双层板已经抄出的顶层的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件叠在另一层的扫描图像上，两者的过孔重叠，再设置成顶层线路和丝印不显示，根据过孔位置描绘出另一层的线路，这样，导出的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件就包含了双面板的两面资料。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多层板同理，只是需要在描出表层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件图之后用砂纸打磨掉表层，使内层走线规则暴露出来，然后借助抄板软件以同样的技巧方式抄出即可。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">先进的扫描工艺，加上成熟的软件操作技巧，严格按照抄板工艺流程进行，你会发现，导出的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件图或者说</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电子版图，在布线规则、过孔位置、线路走向等等参数上将与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">原板保持一致。而相反的，中间的任何一个环节出现差错，不论是扫描工艺上的精度设定，还是抄板软件对走线规则与功能模块的判定和描绘，都将影响最后的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件图的效果。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三、检测文件图</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对于完成的文件图，为确保规范，最后一步还应该对其进行测试。一种双面板文件图的检测方法是用激光打印机将表面两层文件图打印到透明胶片上，然后用胶片与原板进行比较，检验其是否一致。测试还应该包括对</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://liuminpcb.x.zuihao.biz/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的电子技术性能的测试，确保其与原板功能一致。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[洗PCB的标准规格问题(线径)]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=39336</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/8/26 16:07:03</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般普通</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可用最细线径</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">只要洗出来的板子不断线就好</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不过一般而言除非必要不然很细的线是不太建议用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有点风险在。外层一般</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4mil, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">严格</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.5mil; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">内层一般</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4mil, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">严格</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。要再细一点或者粗一点都可</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">而且还要看板厂的技术，当然成本也是一个问题，重要的是，洗出来的板子线不要断。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般使用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为单位</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般的情况</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">都是以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">居多</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,mm</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在量板子大小的时候才会用到。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公定线径粗细标准</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">除非你</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">lay</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的那条线有大电流流过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">才有需要注意到线俓大小。若只是一般的讯号线</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">均无妨。无公定标准</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蚀刻公差一般取</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20%, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果线径</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4mil, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般会以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.2mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.8mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为管制规格</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果这公差无法接受</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">也可以设定为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">+/-10%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。当然</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这也与成本有关。以讯号线来说，为了符合阻抗的需求，通常线宽会根据板子的叠层而有所不同。如果是电源线的话，当然是愈粗愈好，但也是没有一定的标准，线</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">走得短，细一点或许还在接受范围，但线如果走得很长，那就要粗一点。板子叠层对线径影响还好</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">重要的是间距</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以及</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">via</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的直径受到板子尺寸影响的比较多。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙人计算机深圳分公司为大家提供</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://chaoban.blog.bokee.net/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板，</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://pcb.copy.blog.163.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，芯片解密，单片机解密，原理图制作等服务。详情：</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcb-ic.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://www.pcb-ic.com</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，电话：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">0755-83662100<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">余小姐</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 0755-83676393<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">魏小姐</SPAN></P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[抄板软件的功能]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=38693</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/8/9 12:00:08</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">随着</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件的应用，无论是双层板还是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层板都难不到</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://pcblab.xinwen520.net/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板软件</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">了。下面晾一下它的步骤：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第一步，拿到一块</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，首先在纸上记录好所有元气件的型号，参数，以及位置，尤其是二极管，三机管的方向，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">IC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">缺口的方向。最好用数码相机拍两张元气件位置的照片。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第二步，拆掉所有器件，并且将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PAD</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">孔里的锡去掉。用酒精将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">清洗干净，然后放入扫描仪内，启动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">POHTOSHOP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，用彩色方式将丝印面扫入，并打印出来备用。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第三步，用水纱纸将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">TOP LAYER </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BOTTOM LAYER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">两层轻微打磨，打磨到铜膜发亮，放入扫描仪，启动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PHOTOSHOP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，用彩色方式将两层分别扫入。注意，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在扫描仪内摆放一定要横平树直，否则扫描的图象就无法使用。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第四步，调整画布的对比度，明暗度，使有铜膜的部分和没有铜膜的部分对比强烈，然后将次图转为黑白色，检查线条是否清晰，如果不清晰，则重复本步骤。如果清晰，将图存为黑白</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BMP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式文件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">TOP.BMP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BOT.BMP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第五步，将两个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BMP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式的文件分别转为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PROTEL</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式文件，在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PROTEL</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中调入两层，如过两层的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PAD</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">VIA</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的位置基本重合，表明前几个步骤做的很好，如果有偏差，则重复第三步。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第六，将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">TOP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BMP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">转化为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">TOP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，注意要转化到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SILK</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层，就是黄色的那层，然后你在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">TOP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层描线就是了，并且根据第二步的图纸放置器件。画完后将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SILK</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层删掉。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第七步，将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BOT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BMP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">转化为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BOT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，注意要转化到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SILK</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层，就是黄色的那层，然后你在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BOT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层描线就是了。画完后将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SILK</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层删掉。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第八步，在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PROTEL</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">TOP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BOT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">调入，合为一个图就</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">OK</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">了。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第九步，用激光打印机将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">TOP LAYER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> BOTTOM LAYER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分别打印到透明胶片上（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的比例），把胶片放到那块</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，比较一下是否有误，如果没错，你就大功告成了。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不知道现在有没激发你</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://pcbljy.xinwen520.net/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的兴趣了，一样的功能，却能享受超低的价格，赶快行动来吧！为了大家不走弯路，给你们推荐一个比较好的抄板之地</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙人</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.dmpcb.cn/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，详情：</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://www.pcbwork.net</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，您也可以拨打热线：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">0755-83676296<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>83676396 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">余小姐</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>0755-83676369<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>83676323 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">魏小姐，来咨询。</SPAN></P>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[PCB多层板设计步骤揭晓]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=38692</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/8/9 11:59:14</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.dmpcb.cn/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>多层板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计技术，可以说多层板和双层板设计差不多，甚至布线更容易。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">你有双层板的设计经验的放，设计多层就不难了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首先，你要划分层迭结构，为了方便设计，最好以基板为中心，向两侧对称分布，相临信号层之间用电地层隔离。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层迭结构</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">16</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对于传输线，顶底层采用微带线模型分析，内部信号层用带状线模型。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/14</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层基板两侧的信号层最好用软件仿真，比较麻烦。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/14</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层等基板两侧是信号层，没有电地隔离，需要注意相临层垂直走线和避免交流环路。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果还有其他电源，优先在信号层走粗线，尽量不要分割电地层。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其次，向厂家询问参数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">介电常数、线宽、铜厚、板厚</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，以便进行阻抗匹配。这些参数不必自己计算</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">算了也没用，厂家不一定能做到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，应由厂家提供。有了这些参数，就可以计算线宽、线间距</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(3W)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、线长，这时就可以开始画板子了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多层板有盲孔、埋孔、过孔三种，可以方便布线，但价格贵。有时需要减小板厚，以便插入</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">槽，而绝缘介质材料不满足要求</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">除非走私进口</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，此时可以变通地采用非均匀板，例如：中间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">14</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层，边缘</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层来解决，哎，那个贵呀。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高速线最好走内层，顶底层容易受到外界温度、湿度、空气的影响，不易稳定。如果需要测试，可以打测试过孔引出。不要再存有飞线、割线的幻想，多层板已经不</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">需要</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">动手能力</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">了，因为线在内部而且高频，不能飞，线很密也不能钻孔。养成纸上作业的习惯，确保制板一次成功，否则，就地销毁吧，眼不见心不烦。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电地层的四个角采用圆</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">整理文章：龙人</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工作室（龙人是一家专业的</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbinf.com/"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板公司</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，主要为您提供技术最好，价格最优的</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbon.net/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计，芯片解密，单片机解密，原理图，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改板等服务！）</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[芯片解密/单片机解密之仿真、仿真机解说]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=37973</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/7/22 18:16:46</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<A><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真是</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://www.icinf.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>单片机</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">开发过程中非常重要的一个环节，除了一些极简单的任务，一般产品开发过程中都要进行仿真，仿真的主要目的是进行软件调试，当然借助仿真机，也能进行一些硬件排错。</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一块单片机应用</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">包括单片机部份及为达到使用目的而设计的应用电路，仿真就是利用仿真机来代替应用电路板（称目标机）的单片机部份，对应用电路部份进行测试、调试。仿真有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">CPU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ROM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真两种，所谓</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">CPU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真是指用仿真机代替目标机的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">CPU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，由仿真机向目标机的应用电路部份提供各种信号、数据，进行调试的方法。</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这种仿真可以通过单步运行、连续运行等多种方法来运行程序，并能观察到单片机内部的变化，便于改正程序中的错误。</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所谓</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ROM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真，就是用仿真机代替目标机的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ROM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，目标机的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">CPU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工作时，从仿真机中读取程序，并执行。这种仿真其实就是将仿真机当成一片</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EPROM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，只是省去了擦片、写片的麻烦，并没有多少调试手段可言。通常这是二种不同类型的仿真机，也就是说，一台仿真机不能既做</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">CPU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真，又做</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ROM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真。可能的情况下，当然以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">CPU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真好。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">深圳龙人单片机解密</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/IC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">解密部聚集了一批多年来一直从事微电子技术研发和软件工程研发</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">IT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">界精英，他们对各类</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">IC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的核心架构、指令代码等了如指掌，可将芯片内代码完整导出，某些代码甚至可以依据客户要求进行修改，从而实现对原机功能的增补、删减。能为大家专业提供</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://pcbpcb1.sogua.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>芯片解密</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，单片机解密，软件破解，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">IC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">解密，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">MCU</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">解密等服务。详情：</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://www.pcbon.net/IC/index.asp"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://www.pcbon.net/IC/index.asp</FONT></A><A><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></B></P></A>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[pcb抄板之细丝短路问题]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=37972</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/7/22 18:16:05</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<A><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">细丝短路是</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://www.pcb-ic.com/" target=_blank><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中经常遇到的问题，现在讲解如何解</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中的细丝短路问题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">O/S</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">测试和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">AOI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">检测时，会在</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://pcbpcb2.blog.hexun.com/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的最外层，绿漆下发现一种短路，我们叫做细丝短路，因为短路的位置目视看起来有点象一跟细丝，歪歪扭扭的，切片看起来主要是铜，与正常的铜面长在一起，此类缺点的危害很大。如不及时解决会直接影响</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://pcbliumin.blog.zj.com/" target=_blank><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>板</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的整体质量。</SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">﹑有些细丝并不是完全造成短路，可能在客户上锡之后才造成短路，所以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">O/S</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">测试很容易漏失，流到客户手里。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">﹑有些细丝非常细，在覆盖绿漆后即使测试发现短路，但是修补人员不容易找到缺点位置，无法修补而报废。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对于此类缺点的改善，可能需要很多方面去着手，主要在：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">﹑</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电镀，电镀时候如果槽中有细丝型的异物，可能会在电镀过程中吸附到板面，镀铜，镀锡后最终形成短路。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">﹑也有人认为是由于水洗产生细菌，细菌造成。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">﹑也有可能是前制程造成异物带入电镀线上。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">很多</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">线路板厂都有这样的问题。该细丝有多种来源：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一是采用火山灰刷辊时候，里面的尼龙丝材料脱落，电镀后造成的，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">另一个是钻孔时候产生的的细丝，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">另一个是电镀吸附。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第一种情况可以采用尼龙针刷，或者加强高压泵压力，加强水洗和水箱过滤。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第二种是钻孔调整问题。第三种是电镀缸的污染清洁过滤问题。最后还要注意上阻焊油墨时候的刷板也是同样注意。在测试时候可以采用高压将这类细丝打断。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以我以前的经验看，</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://pcbliumin.ue88.com/" target=_blank><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电镀产生的情况比较小，基本是刷板这个环节产生比较多，这个和钻孔产生毛刺过多有密切的联系，钻孔产生细丝的问题比较少。在实际</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></A><A href="http://pcbliumin.programfan.com/" target=_blank><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A><A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">过程中还会遇到许多问题，我会在以后一一介绍的。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P></A>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[帮助你制造与装配电路板的新方法]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=37683</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/7/12 17:44:50</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Verdant Electronics</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">今天宣布其正构建并开发一种用于</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcbon.net/PCBChaoBan/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>印刷电路板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）和印刷电路板装配（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCBA</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">渐进型</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">新技术，这项技术有望大大改进电子产品生产途径。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">新方法大大减少了开发电子装配所需的工艺步骤，简化了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">制造与装配，从而削减了成本并提高了可靠性。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其核心理念是，以与传统方法相反的顺序生产和相互连接电子装配。新方法并非先在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上安装组件，然后进行焊接，而是将经过全面测试和老化处理的各种集成电路（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">IC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）封装与组件放置于某载体上，然后对它们进行密封和电镀处理，无需焊接便可将电路直接连接至组件终端。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这种倒序互连工艺吸纳了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">90</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代裸晶多芯片模块技术带来的灵感，涵义重大而深远。例如，目前电子制造业得到定义的三大部分包括</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、组件和装配。由于其中印刷电路制造与装配在根本上属于一种持续生产运营，因而以上三大部分现已被缩减成两大部分。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Verdant Electronics</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的新理念排除了与</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><A href="http://pcbpcb2.blog.hexun.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">制造和装配相关的许多低效工艺。其中一大益处是，它可避免在装配工艺中使用焊料，随着该行业逐渐向</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">无铅</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">焊接技术发展，这已成为困扰各大公司的极具争议的问题。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">新方法将消除与无铅焊料相关的许多问题，同时开发生产过程中所需能源和材料更少的电子产品；不使用禁用材料；并且最终提供更小、更轻、更低廉和更可靠的电子产品。这的确是一种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">绿色</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">技术，它以独特的方式支持了向更环保型电子产品迈进的全球性运动。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">倒序互连工艺技术的开拓者</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">--Verdant</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">创始人</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Joseph (Joe) Fjelstad</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对行业同僚的反应评论说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我对行业专家给予这项技术的评论感到非常满意。他们表示了对这一理念的大力支持，更重要的是，他们正提供宝贵的反馈信息，这将增强这项技术的未来发展与扩大机遇。使用现有资料和设备即可实施这项技术。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Fjelstad</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">继续道：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这项技术基于各种专为微电子开发的重要技术，包括</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">90</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代通用电气公司和其它商家开发的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">IC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和模块封装，但这些技术却因芯片成品率问题而难以运用于板。通过转向使用经过测试和老化处理的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">IC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">封装，传统焊料装配技术存在的成品率问题现已几乎消失。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"Fjelstad</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">总结说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">简易性是这种方法的核心与关键。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">14</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪英国哲学家和逻辑学家威廉（奥卡姆人）曾说，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">‘</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">能简则简</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">’</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，这个言简意赅的观点成为了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Verdant Electronics</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的指导原则。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙人计算机深圳分公司为您提供技术最好、价格最优的专业级</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcbinf.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.dmpcb.cn/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.icdec.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>芯片解密</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、软硬件的技术开发和功能完善等全套的技术服务和完整的技术解决方案。同时，我们拥有国内最专业的从事计算机软硬件技术产品的反向技术开发与研发团队，涉及近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个研发部门，客户遍及国内外大中小型企业。详情：</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://www.pcblab.net</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，电话：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">0755-83662100<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>83757070 25327150</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">魏小姐</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">0755-83676296<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>83676396 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">余小姐</SPAN></P>
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<title><![CDATA[【pcb抄板与电路板抄板工艺】焊点技术小结]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=37682</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/7/12 17:44:12</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<A></A>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">完全使用软件元件库中的元件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不加任何修改</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这是大部分情况下我们应该的，但有时你的器件可能多少有点出入，如果你没有用过，确认是否与库里的元件相符，最好量一下实尺寸，以免出现元件到时插不了、管脚不符等的灾难性后果。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.TOP LAYER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">BOTTOM LAYER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上的焊点尺寸一样大小</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般的贴片工艺是只焊一面，这样插件的焊点都在底层。象晶振、这样的关键元件一定要想办法焊牢，如果是加大焊盘，这时就要注意：顶层的焊盘不可过大，否则可能会使晶振短路，不起振。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计时和焊盘的连线只考虑电方面的问题</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">而未考虑</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">REWORK</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和可靠性</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按国标相关标准</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbinf.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应留</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3-4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次的维修余量。如果不考虑这个问题，可能我们的扳子拆一次就报废了。因此焊盘与导线相接部分必须保证其机械强度、散热、黏附能力等问题，一般我们可以通过尽量加大焊盘增强铜箔部分的面积加以解决。另外，补泪滴功能对提高机械强度比较有意义。（在进行</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/PCB/ChaoBan"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时焊接也是非常重要的）</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不标明钻孔尺寸</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">只标焊盘尺寸</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因为器件的管脚粗细差别很大，如果一昧地套用库元件，就会出现插件不易或太松的情况。孔径过大不仅造成元件松动过波峰焊时易东倒西歪，而且影响焊接质量，可能出现焊点不饱满、半边焊、假焊甚至根本没有将管脚与焊盘焊接在一起。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关于第二点，我补充几句：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是单层板，不考虑这个问题。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">双层以上的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，象楼上所说的晶振（插件），就要考虑元件面的焊盘是否会与元件封装外壳导电部分造成短路现象。或者说可能发生短路。依此类推，其它与焊盘有关的可能造成电性不良的现象都应在设定元件焊盘大小时考虑清楚。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">还要看厂家的技术支持：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以前在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DOS</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PROTEL</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">画板，使用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SIPXX</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">封装做</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.54MM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">接插件，一直使用其库里的标准封装，当时还算是新手，并不知道有那么多要注意的，反正加工出来的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">好用即可。后来换了个公司，也是用同样的软件，结果出来的板子的孔老是太小，就质询厂家为什么老是做不好，结果厂家说是按照我们给的尺寸做的，问题出在我们这边。从新看看了一下，确实是我们直接使用的库就是那么小的孔径。那为什么以前按照库做就没问题？后来遇到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的加工厂家的技术人员，他们说大部分公司会对你做的板子做一下简单的技术分析，比如看到板子上有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SIP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的封装，就看是排阻还是接插件，由此来确定合适的孔径，也就是他们会对你的文件进行适当的修改，特别是那些老客户，因为他们用的东西基本是一致的。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">焊点技术可以分为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DIP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SMT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">器件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">波峰焊与廻流焊的焊接工艺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不同的器件与工艺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">焊点设计要求不同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DIP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">器件的焊点大小由焊接可靠性来决定</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">单面板时还要考虑焊盘的抗剥离强度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">孔径大小由器件引线的机械结构来决定</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以求焊接时利用弘吸效应使焊锡能到达元件面但又不能有焊锡飞溅</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">SMT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">器件的焊盘对波峰焊与廻流焊是不同的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不能共用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件自带的元件库都是对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">WAVE</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工艺的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">廻流焊的库都必须自建</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">焊盘的计算很复杂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">但有经验公式可以套用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">库中还要有漏印网的信息</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.lrpcb.cn/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>印制板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">厂制作工艺的不同会造成线条焊点及孔径的误差</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">但正规大厂都会预先进行补偿</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">深圳龙人提供</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcb-ic.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbchaoban.3jmc.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，样机制作，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计，</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/PCB/ChaoBan"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></I></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">克隆，原理图等服务，详情：</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbon.net/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://www.pcbon.net</FONT></SPAN></A><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></I></B></P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[三种PCB抄板中去耦电容的讲解]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=37342</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/7/2 17:23:46</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">深圳龙人主要提供</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/PCB/ChaoBan"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.dmpcb.cn/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcbinf.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.icdec.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>芯片解密</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，单片机解密等服务，详情：</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcbon.net/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">http://www.pcbon.net</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">去耦电容在补偿集成片或电路板工作电压跌落时能起到储能作用。它可以分成整体的、局部的和板间的三种。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">整体去耦电容又称旁路电容，它工作于低频（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&lt;1MHz</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）范围状态，为整个电路板提供一个电流源，补偿电路板工作时产生的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ΔI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">噪声电流，保证工作电源电压的稳定。它的大小为</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcb-ic.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上所有负载电容和的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">50~100</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">倍。它应放置在紧靠</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">外接电源线和地线的地方，印制线密度很高的地方。这不仅不会减小低频去耦，而且还会为</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://blog.sina.com.cn/pcbminzi"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>PCB</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上布置关键性的印制线提供空间。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">局部去耦电容有两个作用。第一，出于功能上的考虑：通过电容的充放电使集成片得到的供电电压比较平稳，不会由于电压的暂时跌落导致集成片功能受到影响；第二，出于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">考虑：为集成片的瞬变电流提供就近的高频通道，使电流不至于通过环路面积较大的供电线路，从而大大减小向外的辐射噪声。同时由于各集成片拥有自己的高频通道，相互之间没有公共阻抗，抑止了其阻抗耦合。局部去耦电容安装在每个集成片的电源端子和接地端子之间，并尽量靠近集成片。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板间去耦电容是指电源面和接地面之间的电容，它是高频率时去耦电流的主要来源。板间电容可以通过增加电源层和接地层间面积来增大。在</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://pcbliumin.studentboss.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中，一些接地面可以布到了电源层，移去这些接地面，用电源隔离区代之，可以增加板间电容。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[PCB抄板形状和物理边界设置的相关知识]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=37340</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/7/2 17:00:02</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Protel DXP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://www.pcbon.net/PCBChaoBan/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件向导中，我们已经初步确定了电路板的形状和物理边界。但我们在绘制</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://www.lrpcb.cn/chaoban.asp"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">之前，也许还会对电路板的边界的细节加以调整。如果我们要对电路板的边界加以修改，可以执行菜单命令</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Design</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,Board Shape</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">子菜单中的命令。这个子菜单中的命令全部与边界设置相关。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Board Shape</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">菜单中的命令意义如下：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">1 Redefine Board Shape:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">重新定义</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://www.pcbinf.com/chaoban.html"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">外形。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">2 Move Board Vertices:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">移动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板外形顶点。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">3 Move Board Shape:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">移动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板外形。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">4 Define from selected objects:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从选中物体定义</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://blog.ifeng.com/1269925.html"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">外形。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">5 Auto - Position Sheet:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自动定位图纸。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下面，我们将举一个例子在一个空白</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板子上绘出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板外形和物理边界，同时掌握运用这些命令。我们所建的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板的大小为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2000x1500mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首先，我们要新建一个空的</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://www.dmpcb.cn/services/Chaoban/index.html"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文档，如图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4-28</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示。单击</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Files</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">面板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">New</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">栏中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB Files</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">命令。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这样会打开一个什么设置都没有作过的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板文件。然后我们将当前的工作层面设置为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Mechanicall</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（第一机械层），</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">执行</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Board Shape</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">菜单中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Redefine Board Shape</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（重新定义</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板外形）命令，窗口变成绿色，光标呈十字形状，系统进入了编辑</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://pcblm88.blog.xunlei.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">外形的状态，</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们将光标移至坐标（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000mil,1000mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）处，单击鼠标左键。然后顺次移至坐标（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000mil,2500mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3000mil,2500mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3000mil,1000mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）处单击鼠标左键。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最后再回到坐标（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000mil,1000mil</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）处，单击左键，如果图形封闭就会退出编辑</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板外形模式。这样我们就重新设定了板子的物理边界。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果我们不满意</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://liuminpcb.blog.hexun.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">物理边界的初次定义，一定要进行调整。这时就会用到菜单中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Move Board Vertices</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（移动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板外形顶点）命令。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们执行这个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Move Board Vertices</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（移动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板外形顶点）命令后，将鼠标移到板子边缘需要修改的一点，单击左键。这时，我们就可以把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">板的这一条边界随意拉伸到满意的位置后单击鼠标左键，我们就完成了</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://hi.baidu.com/liuminpcb"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>电路板抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">外形的调整。</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其余的几个命令的用法与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Redefine Board Shape</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Move Board Vertices</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">命令用法大同小异，请读者自行琢磨。</SPAN></P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[将PCB文件转换为GERBER文件的原因]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=35773</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/5/23 14:34:25</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<A></A>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本文的关键词：</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>pcb</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　大多数工程师都习惯于将</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcbsj.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>文件设计</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">好后直接送</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">厂加工，而国际上比较流行的做法是将</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcb-ic.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>文件</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">转换为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GERBER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件和钻孔数据后交</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.lrpcb.cn/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">厂，为何要“多此一举”呢？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　因为电子工程师和</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://pcbliumin.pcclub.pconline.com.cn/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>工程师</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的理解不一样，由</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工厂转换出来的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GERBER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件可能不是您所要的，如您在</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://pcbliumin.blog.china.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时将元件的参数都定义在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件中，您又不想让这些参数显示在</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><A href="http://pcbxm.cublog.cn/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">成品上，您未作说明，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">厂依葫芦画瓢将这些参数都留在了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">成品上。这只是一个例子。若您自己将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件转换成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GERBER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件就可避免此类事件发生。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GERBER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件是一种国际标准的光绘格式文件，它包含</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">RS-274-D</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">RS-274-X</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">两种格式，其中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">RS-274-D</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">称为基本</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GERBER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式，并要同时附带</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">D</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">码文件才能完整描述一张图形；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">RS-274-X</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">称为扩展</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GERBER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式，它本身包含有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">D</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">码信息。常用的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">CAD</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件都能生成此二种格式文件。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　如何检查生成的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GERBER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">正确性？您只需在免费软件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewmate V6.3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中导入这些</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GERBER</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">D</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">码文件即可在屏幕上看到或通过打印机打出。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　钻孔数据也能由各种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">CAD</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件产生，一般格式为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Excellon</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewmate</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中也能显示出来。没有钻孔数据当然做不出</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://pcbxm.i.ifensi.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[行业精英策论PCB设计关键技术]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=35772</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/5/23 14:33:32</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<A></A>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本文的关键词：</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> pcb</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抄板</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">针对</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcbsj.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人员关注的问题予以讨论，剖析</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://www.lrpcb.cn/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电磁问题的实质及处理方法，介绍</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ansoft</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真解决方案的技术特点，与同类型产品的定位关系及比较，并为您展示</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ansoft</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电磁技术及工具在国内外</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://liuminpcb.pcclub.pconline.com.cn/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中的成功应用案例。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/PCB/SheJi/index.html"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>机箱系统电磁兼容设计</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关键技术</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关注由于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电磁辐射引起的机箱系统电磁兼容设计，以具体应用实例介绍从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">到机箱系统的整个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真技术。内容涵盖如何使用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">SIwave</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进行</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真和改进，比较不同设计方案的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">辐射特性；用三维场工具</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">HFSS</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对机箱进行设计优化，提高其屏蔽特性；通过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ansoft</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">独有的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Datalink</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">实现多块</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和机箱的整体电磁兼容特性评估，让您明确如何采用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ansoft</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真技术实现工程</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC/EMI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ansoft</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高性能</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">SI/PI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计帮助改善</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://www.pcb-ic.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电磁兼容特性</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关注</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://blog.csdn.net/liuminpcb"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电源完整性和信号完整性对其电磁兼容特性的影响，从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">开关噪声</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电磁辐射产生的根源入手，根本解决电磁噪声问题。介绍国外的成功应用经验，用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">AnsoftSIwave</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工具对实际复杂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进行精确建模和仿真，重点介绍如何用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">SIwave</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来改善</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PI/SI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">特性，从而成功抑制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电磁噪声。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">数模混合电路电磁噪声抑制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">数模混合电路中数字电路产生的电磁噪声，例如电源</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">地网络上的同步开关噪声，对敏感的模拟</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">射频电路会产生极大影响，降低电路灵敏度，甚至严重干扰模拟部分的正常工作。本专题向您介绍如何用独特</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ansoft</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工具仿真精确建模，提取干扰参数，并预评估相应措施的有效性。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">复杂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FPGA</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电路板供电系统设计</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://blog.ednchina.com/liuminpcb"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">SI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是相互关联的，孤立处理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">SI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不能真正解决</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">问题，严重的同步开关噪声（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">SSN</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）不仅会导致强烈的电磁辐射，而且会使</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://pcbxm.blog.hexun.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本身工作状态不稳，出现误操作。本讲座介绍著名</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">FPGA</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芯片供应商</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Xilinx</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公司采用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">SIwave+DesignerSI+Nexxim</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真复杂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://blog.sina.com.cn/pcbxm2008"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄<SPAN lang=EN-US>板</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的同步开关噪声的过程，提出新的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">SSN</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仿真流程，并与实测结果进行了比较。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基于电磁场技术的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">信号完整性设计</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从实际应用出发，介绍如何用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ansoft</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工具对复杂信号通道进行精确建模，强调基于电磁场技术的精确建模的必要性和作用。让您了解如何在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">DesignerSI</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的平台上，实现“芯片</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">封装</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">走线</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">过孔</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">子电路板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">连接器</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">封装</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芯片”完整通道的优化设计、整体特性评估，并输出眼图、误码率等关键指标。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[怎样做好芯片解密？]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=35036</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/5/12 14:33:51</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">怎样做好<STRONG>芯片解密</STRONG>？</SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">做</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt"><A href="http://www.icinf.com/"><SPAN class=15><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN-US>芯片解密</SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">和任何产品产品价格一样，都是有波动的，因为存在供求关系和技术成熟问题，比如以前手机要<SPAN lang=EN-US>1W</SPAN>多，现在一般的只要几百到几千元。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt"><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/"><SPAN class=15><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN-US>芯片解密</SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">为什么不多提供一些样片，主要可能由于下面原因<SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">A: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">样片是花成本的，有些芯片<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>片就十几元（比如<SPAN lang=EN-US>EPM7128</SPAN>一片要<SPAN lang=EN-US>65</SPAN>元）；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">B</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">：有些客户只需要<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>片，所以他拿到样片后就不需要解密公司的程序了，这对解密公司是个损失。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">C: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">解密公司认为，客户如果诚心，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt"><A href="http://www.dmpcb.cn/"><SPAN class=15><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN-US>芯片解密</SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">成功付了所有款后解密公司会把程序给你，你想烧多少就多少，没必要和我们纠缠样片数量。当然也有特殊情况，比如一些讲信用的老客户可以提供多于<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>片（但一定少于<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>片）的样片，或者客户把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt"><A href="http://www.pcbinf.com/"><SPAN class=15><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN-US>芯片解密</SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的款全部结算清后。但如果客户提供<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>样片，解密公司将提供<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>片母片，总之比客户提供的母片要多一片。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">一般情况下加密后读出的文件都是<SPAN lang=EN-US>FF...</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>FF00FF00...</SPAN>、或<SPAN lang=EN-US>0000...</SPAN>的<SPAN lang=EN-US>16</SPAN>进制编码，如果你读出的不是这两种，这里存在几种可能：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">A)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">没有加密，你读出配置程序后，看配置字是否选中加密； </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">B)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">半加密（某些芯片只加密一部分，所以你有部分可以读出，但有些部分读不出，你无法正常使用烧写文件，这种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt"><A href="http://pcbliumin.sohoxiaobao.com/"><SPAN class=15><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN-US>芯片解密</SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">比全加密更复杂） ； </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">C)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">芯片损坏（这个你读出文件看校验码，如果几次都不一样，这种可能性比较大；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=0 style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: auto 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">D)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">部分芯片加密后，直接读出的文件，会有部分是不规则的代码（如<SPAN lang=EN-US>ED0100...</SPAN>），部分是<SPAN lang=EN-US>FF</SPAN>或<SPAN lang=EN-US>OO</SPAN>，如<SPAN lang=EN-US>PIC<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="F" SourceValue="16" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">16F</st1:chmetcnv><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="a" SourceValue="873" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">873A</st1:chmetcnv></SPAN>。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[pcb设计的技巧之二]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=35035</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/5/12 14:33:12</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[
<TABLE class=MsoNormalTable style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、如果希望尽量减少板面积，而打算像内存条那样正反贴，可以吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">正反贴的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://pcbliumin.pcclub.pconline.com.cn/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，只要你的焊接加工没问题，当然可以。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、在高速</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbsj.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中，信号层的空白区域可以敷铜，而多个信号层的敷铜在接地和接电源上应如何分配？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般在空白区域的敷铜绝大部分情况是接地。</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">只是在高速信号线旁敷铜时要注意敷铜与信号线的距离，</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因为所敷的铜会降低一点走线的特性阻抗。</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">也要注意不要影响到它层的特性阻抗，</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">例如在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">dual stripline</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的结构时。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 4">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、刚柔</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/pcbcb.asp"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计是否需要专用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://pcbliumin.sohoxiaobao.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">pcb</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件与规范？国内何处可以承接该类电路板加工？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 5">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以用一般</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><A href="http://liuminpcb.sohoxiaobao.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的软件来设计柔性电路板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(Flexible Printed Circuit)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。一样用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Gerber</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式给</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">FPC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">厂商生产。由于制造的工艺和一般</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcb-ic.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不同，各个厂商会依据他们的制造能力会对最小线宽、最小线距、最小孔径</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(via)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有其限制。除此之外，可在柔性电路板的转折处铺些铜皮加以补强。至于生产的厂商可上网“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">FPC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”当关键词查询应该可以找到。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 6">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、适当选择</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与外壳接地的点的原则是什么？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">选择</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://blog.ifeng.com/1269925.html"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与外壳接地点选择的原则是利用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">chassis ground</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提供低阻抗的路径给回流电流</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(returning current)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">及控制此回流电流的路径。例如，通常在高频器件或时钟产生器附近可以借固定用的螺丝将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://blog.cechinamag.com/liuminpcb"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的地层与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">chassis ground</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">做连接，以尽量缩小整个电流回路面积，也就减少电磁辐射。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[pcb设计的技巧之一]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=35034</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/5/12 14:32:12</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[
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<TBODY>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/pcbsj.asp"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中，通常将地线又分为保护地和信号地；电源地又分为数字地和模拟地，为什么要对地线进行划分？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">划分地的目的主要是出于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的考虑，担心数字部分电源和地上的噪声会对其他信号，特别是模拟信号通过传导途径有干扰。至于信号的和保护地的划分，是因为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EMC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ESD</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">静放电的考虑，类似于我们生活中避雷针接地的作用。无论怎样分，最终的大地只有一个。只是噪声泻放途径不同而已。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">单层</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/pcbcb.asp"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">手工布线时，跳线要如何表示？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">跳线是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.pcbsj.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中特别的器件，只有两个焊盘，距离可以定长的，也可以是可变长度的。手工布线时可根据需要添加。板上会有直连线表示，料单中也会出现。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 4">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width="100%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、怎样选择</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.dmpcb.cn/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的软件？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">选择</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://liuminpcb.sogua.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>设计</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的软件，根据自己的需求。市面提供的高级软件很多，关键看看是否适合您设计能力，设计规模和设计约束的要求。刀快了好上手，太快会伤手。找个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">EDA</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">厂商，请过去做个产品介绍，大家坐下来聊聊，不管买不买，都会有收获。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[pcb给人们带来的危害(注意）]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=liuminpcb&amp;id=35033</link>
<author>liuminpcb</author>
<pubDate>2008/5/12 14:31:07</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">19</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪被发现。当时汽车开始广泛使用，人们对汽油的需求日增。汽油是由原油提炼出来的，在提炼过程中会释放大量的化学物质，例如苯。苯加热后，若再加上氯，便会产生一种新的化学物，名为多氯化联苯基</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(Polychlorinated biphenyls, PCB)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。到目前为止，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">209</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种相关物质，按所含氯离子的数量和加插的位置而有不同编号。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　性质及用途</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是一种工业化学品，性质如下：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">传热力强，但不传电。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不易燃烧。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">性质稳定，不会有化学变化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不会溶于水，属脂溶性物质。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　基于上述性质，工业界最初视</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://www.pcbwork.net/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为天赐宝物，被广泛使用，用作电介质，置于电容器及变压器等电子仪器内，或作为热流交换液以调节仪器操作的温度。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　初期，人们不知道</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://www.pcbinf.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">具毒性，并无加以防范，同时将大量的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://www.pcb-ic.com/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">废料倾倒在海洋里，直至生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的业内工人开始相继生病，以及环境学家发现海洋的生物里有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">含量时，人们才开始注视</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">带来的问题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如何进入人体</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　陆上堆填区内积存不少</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A href="http://www.dmpcb.cn/"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>抄板</SPAN></SPAN></B></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">废料，会释出气体。久而久之，这些废料会流入湖泊或海洋内。虽然</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不溶于水，但却溶于油脂，以致在海洋中的生物体内积聚，特别是体积较大的生物，如鲨鱼及海豚等。我们进食这类深海鱼、或进食其它受污染的食物，包括乳类产品、肉类脂肪、油质等，便会吸入</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。摄入的</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://pcbwork.xinwen520.net/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主要储存于人体脂肪组织，怀孕时可经胎盘传给胎儿，亦释放于人奶中。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcbsj.com/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"> PCB</SPAN></A></SPAN></B></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对人体的影响</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">肝、肾</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">造成伤害</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">皮肤</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">引致粉刺、红肿、影响色素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">眼睛</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">红肿不适、分泌物增加</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">神经系统</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">反应迟钝、手脚麻痹震颤、记忆力衰退、智力发展受阻</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生殖机能</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">干扰荷尔蒙分泌，降低成人的生殖能力，初生婴儿易罹患上天生缺陷、日后生长亦较缓慢</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">致癌</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">特别是肝癌。国际癌病研究组织已将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">列为可能致癌的物质</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://www.pcblab.net/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的管制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1976</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年，美国国会立法禁止生产、出售及分发</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1980</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代起，多个国家，如荷兰、英国及德国，均对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">实施限制。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　不过，即使实施了限制，在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1984-89</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年间，每年的全球生产量仍有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2,200</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万磅。似乎要全球停止生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，仍未可行。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结论</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black"><A href="http://pcbcb.xinwen520.net/"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><FONT face="Times New Roman">PCB</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的污染，是多年来累积下来的恶果，可以说是全球性的，几乎所有食物都多少受到污染，实在很难完全避免。我们所能做的，是注意所进食的食物，增强对环保的认识及关注，希望促使决策者能作出适当的管制。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN>]]></description>
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